ESDU Aircraft Noise Series
Noise pollution is of concern in many environments but perhaps it is the noise from aircraft that has the most wide-spread impact on our lives. It is necessary to have reliable methods for the prediction of sound levels generated by various sources and an understanding of the control and suppression of noise. The ESDU Aircraft Noise Series provides validated data on the prediction, propagation and suppression of noise. The Series is aimed primarily at the aerospace industry but many parts of it (for example, Items on noise barriers and sound propagation) have much wider application.
The information provided may be grouped under two main headings: noise prediction and sound propagation. Aircraft noise sources considered include propulsion system noise from the various components of gas turbine jet engines, jet noise, including static-to-flight effects, propeller noise, airframe noise and boundary layer noise. Cabin noise is considered. Aspects of sound propagation covered include atmospheric attenuation and ground reflection effects in the presence of wind and temperature gradients. The attenuation provided by noise barriers is also covered.
Information on noise in air-conditioning systems is provided in the Fluid Mechanics, Internal Flow Series.
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Section 1 : Organizational Documents
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ESDU 00010
Aircraft Noise Series: record of documents.
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ESDU 00010
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Section 2 : General
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ESDU 02020
An introduction to aircraft noise. -
ESDU 09009
Aircraft noise prediction -
ESDU 17011
Power spectral density and bandwidth correction of spectrum level -
ESDU 17012
Combination of levels in dB -
ESDU 08018
Combination of spectra in Common Data Files from ESDU Aircraft Noise Data Items
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ESDU 02020
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Section 3 : Noise Reduction
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ESDU 74003
Normal incidence absorption coefficients and acoustic impedances of typical single layer fibrous lining materials. -
ESDU 74004
Normal incidence absorption coefficients and acoustic impedances of single layer perforated sheet liners. -
ESDU 00012
The acoustic attenuation of absorbent linings in cylindrical flow ducts. -
ESDU 00024
The acoustic attenuation of absorbent linings in rectangular flow ducts with application to annular flow ducts -
ESDU 01015
Far-field sound radiation from circular ducts.
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ESDU 74003
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Section 4 : Noise Estimation - Gas Turbine Engine Noise Sources
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ESDU 75020
Estimation of far-field sound pressure levels due to buzz-saw noise of a supersonic fan or compressor. -
ESDU 13001
The prediction of shock noise from supersonic jets including the near-field -
ESDU 98008
Prediction of noise generated by fans and compressors in turbojet and turbofan engines. -
ESDU 05001
Prediction of combustor noise from gas turbine engines. -
ESDU 12001
Prediction of turbine noise from aero-engines
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ESDU 75020
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Section 5 : Noise Estimation - Near-Field Jet
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ESDU 99006
Computer-based estimation procedure for near-field single-stream jet noise.
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ESDU 99006
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Section 6 : Noise Estimation - Far-Field Jet
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ESDU 98019
Computer-based estimation procedure for single-stream jet noise. Including far-field, static jet mixing noise database for circular nozzles -
ESDU 11002
The prediction of the far-field mixing noise from coaxial subsonic jets based on a database for stationary coplanar conical nozzles -
ESDU 89041
Estimation of subsonic far-field jet-mixing noise from single-stream circular nozzles.
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ESDU 98019
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Section 7 : Noise Estimation - Jet Static-To-Flight Correction
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ESDU 87011
Prediction of single-stream jet noise in flight from static circular-nozzle data. -
ESDU 14014
A theoretically-based method for predicting static-to-flight effects on coaxial jet noise
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ESDU 87011
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Section 8 : Noise Estimation - Miscellaneous Sources
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ESDU 75021
Estimation of the surface pressure fluctuations in the turbulent boundary layer of a flight vehicle. -
ESDU TM 58
ESDU TECHNICAL MEMORANDUM
Comparison of surface pressure fluctuations in a turbulent boundary layer as measured on various flight vehicles -
ESDU 90023
Airframe noise prediction -
ESDU TM 198
ESDU TECHNICAL MEMORANDUM
Estimating the reflection effects for the jet noise of under-wing engines
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ESDU 75021
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Section 9 : Noise Estimation - Propeller Sources
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ESDU 76020
Estimation of the maximum discrete frequency noise from isolated rotors and propellers. -
ESDU 11005
Prediction of near-field and far-field harmonic noise from subsonic propellers with non-axial inflow -
ESDU 96027
Estimation of the unsteady lift coefficient of subsonic propeller blades in non-axial inflow.
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ESDU 76020
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Section 10 : Sound Propagation - Atmospheric Attenuation
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ESDU 78002
Evaluation of the attenuation of sound by a uniform atmosphere. -
ESDU 78003
Evaluation of the attenuation of broad-band sound by a non-uniform still atmosphere.
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ESDU 78002
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Section 11 : Sound Propagation - Lateral Attenuation and Overground Sound Propagation
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ESDU 81035
An introduction to aircraft noise lateral attenuation. -
ESDU 82027
Estimation of lateral attenuation of air-to-ground jet or turbofan aircraft noise in one-third octave bands. -
ESDU 82027 Addendum
Estimation of lateral attenuation of air-to-ground jet or turbofan aircraft noise in one-third octave bands. Addendum - Estimation of sideline noise in subjective noise metrics. -
ESDU 94036
The prediction of sound attenuation as a result of propagation close to the ground.
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ESDU 81035
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Section 12 : Sound Propagation - Ground Reflection, Wind/Temperature Effects
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ESDU 04011
Prediction of sound attenuation in a refracting turbulent atmosphere with a Fast Field Program. -
ESDU 89036
The calculation of overground sound propagation in the presence of wind and temperature gradients. -
ESDU 94035
The correction of measured noise spectra for the effects of ground reflection.
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ESDU 04011
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Section 13 : Noise Shielding
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ESDU 79011
Estimation of noise shielding by barriers -
ESDU 88023
Jet-by-jet shielding of noise.
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ESDU 79011
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Section 14 : Internal Noise
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ESDU 02008
Aerodynamics and aero-acoustics of rectangular planform cavities. Part I: Time-averaged flow. -
ESDU 04023
Aerodynamics and aero-acoustics of rectangular planform cavities. Part II: Unsteady flow and aero-acoustics. -
ESDU 07001
Noise transmission into aircraft cabins. -
ESDU 07001 Addendum
Noise transmission into aircraft cabins. Addendum: Estimation of section properties of fuselage stiffeners.
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ESDU 02008